模拟试题及答案：政治、英语、高等数学 成人高考 专升本
成人高考 专升本 政治 模拟试题
一、选择题：1～40小题。每小题2分，共80分。在每小题给出的四个选项中,选出一项最符合题目要求的。
1.马克思主义哲学最主要、最显著的特征是( )
A.阶级性 B.革命性 C.实践性 D.科学性
【答案】C
2.运动是物质的存在方式和根本属性，这是( )
A.形而上学唯物主义的观点
B.庸俗唯物主义的观点
C.朴素唯物主义的观点
D.辩证唯物主义的观点
【答案】D
【考情点拨】本题考查了辩证唯物主义关于运动与物质的关系的观点。
【应试指导】辩证唯物主义认为，运动是物质的根本属性和存在方式，物质和运动是不可分割的。一方面，物质离不开运动，因为任何物质都是运动着的物质，运动是一切物质的存在方式，不运动的物质是不存在的，设想脱离运动的物质是形而上学的错误观点。另一方面，运动离不开物质，因为任何运动都是物质的运动，运动是物质的根本属性，物质是一切运动的承担者和主体，无物质的运动也是不存在
3.把水、火、土、气等具体物质形态看成世界本原的观点，是一种（ ）
A.形而上学唯物主义物质观 B.朴素唯物主义物质观
C.辩证唯物主义物质观 D.庸俗唯物主义物质观
【答案】B
4.下列选项中，说明了要坚持“两点论”，全面看问题的是（ ）
A.高岸为谷、深谷为陵 B.城门失火、殃及池鱼
C.近朱者赤、近墨者黑 D.监听则明，偏信则暗
【答案】D
5.面对消极腐败的东西，我们一定要提高警惕，做到见微知著，防微杜渐。从哲学上看，这是因为（ ）
A.矛盾双方在一定条件下相互转化 B.一定的原因引起一定的结果
C.外因通过内因起作用 D.量变积累到一定的程度会引起质变
【答案】D
6.“在对现存事物的肯定的理解中同时包含着对现存事物的否定的理解，即对现存事物的必然灭亡的理解”。这是一种（ ）
A.形而上学观点 B.唯物辩证法观点 C.相对主义观点 D.激辩论观点
【答案】B
7.否定之否定规律揭示了事物的发展是（ ）
A.绝对性与相对性的统一 B.有限性与无限性的统一
B.稳定性与变动性的统一 D.前进行与曲折性的统一
【答案】D
8.认识的高级阶段是（ ）
A.感性认识 B.理性认识
B.直接认识 D.间接认识
【答案】D
9.唯物史观认为，历史人物的活动可以（ ）
A.完全摆脱社会规律的制约 B.深刻影响社会历史的发展
B.根本改变历史发展的方向 D.最终决定历史发展的进程
【答案】B
10.认清国情是认清和解决革命问题的基本依据。近代中国社会的性质是（ ）
A.新民主主义社会 B.半殖民地半封建社会 C.封建社会 D.资本主义社会
【答案】B
11.唯物史观和唯心史观在历史创造者问题上的根本分歧在于是否承认（ ）
A.普通个人的历史作用
B.人民群众对历史发展的决定作用
C.杰出人物的历史作用
D.思想理论对历史发展的引领作用
【答案】B
【考情点拨】本题考查了唯物史观和唯心史观在历史创造者问题上的分歧。。
【应试指导】唯物史观认为人民群众是历史的主体，是历史的创造者，而唯心史观认为少数天才、帝王、英雄是历史的创造者和主人，所以，两者在历史创造者问题上的根本分歧在于是否承认人民群众对历史发展的决定作用。
12.近代中国半殖民地半封建社会最主要的矛盾是（ ）
A.帝国主义和中华民族的矛盾
B.封建主义和人民大众的矛盾
C.农民阶级和地主阶级的矛盾
D.工人阶级和资产阶级的矛盾
【答案】A
【考情点拨】本题考查了近代中国半殖民地半封建社会最主要的矛盾。
【应试指导】在半殖民地半封建社会的中国，最主要的社会矛盾是帝国主义和中华民族的矛盾。
13.毛泽东“工农武装割据”思想包含土地革命、武装斗争和农村革命根据地建设三个方面，其中土地革命是中国民主革命的（ ）
A．重要武器
B．主要形式
C．战略阵地
D．基本内容
【答案】D
【考情点拨】本题考查了土地革命和中国民主革命的关系。
【应试指导】封建土地所有制和剥削关系严重阻碍了中国社会生产力的发展，是中国长期贫穷落后的重要根源。农民问题是中国民主革命的中心问题，其中最主要的又是土地问题。因此，进行土地革命，没收封建阶级的土地归农民所有，这是中国民主革命主要的基本的内容。除此之外，武装斗争是民主革命的主要形式，革命根据地是民主革命的战略阵地。
14.把毛泽东思想确立为中国共产党的指导思想的会议是（ ）
A.中共一大 B.中共六大 C. 中共七大 D.中共八大
【答案】C
15.当今时代的主题是（ ）
A.战争与革命 B. 和平与发展 C.改革与开放 D.发展与创新
【答案】B
16.从社会性质上看，近代中国社会属于（ ）
A.封建社会 B.资本主义社会 C.新民主主义社会 D.半殖民地半封建社会
【答案】D
17.中共新民主主义革命的领导者是（ ）
A.工人阶级 B.农民阶级 C.民族资产阶级 D. 城市小资产阶级
【答案】A
18.邓小平从中国的具体国情出发，提出社会主义的最终目标是（ ）
A.解放生产力 B. 发展生产力 C.实现共同富裕 D. 建成小康社会
【答案】C
19.中国改革开放的实践证明，我们党和国家生存发展的政治基石是（ ）
A.四项基本原则 B.人人平等原则
C.和平共处原则 D.公平正义原则
【答案】A
20.精神文明重在建设，指( )
A.把“发展”作为工作的出发点和落脚点
B.把“培育”作为工作的出发点和落脚点
C.把“建设”作为工作的出发点和落脚点
D.把“实效”作为工作的出发点和落脚点
【答案】C
21.霸权主义和强权政治的社会根源是( )
A.资产阶级的意识形态
B.垄断资本主义的政治经济制度
C.资产阶级的人权主义
D.社会、经济全球化
【答案】C
22.实行“一国两制”后，台湾特别行政区比其他特别行政区享有的更特殊的权利是( )
A.立法权
B.独立的司法权和终审权
C.行政管辖权
D.可以保留自己的军队
【答案】D
23.马克思主义的理论品质是( )
A.解放思想
B.实事求是
C.开拓创新
D.与时俱进
【答案】D
24.中国红色政权存在和发展的最根本的原因是( )
A.相当力量红军的存在
B.中国政治经济发展的不平衡
C.中国共产党的领导
D.国民革命的影响
【答案】B
25.提出社会主义初级阶段党的基本经验是在( )
A.党的十三大
B.党的十四大
C.党的十五大
D.党的十六大
【答案】D
26.改革、发展、稳定三者关系中，稳定是( )
A.目的 B.动力 C.根本 D.前提
【答案】D
【考情点拨】本题考查了改革、发展、稳定三者之间的关系。
【应试指导】在我国社会主义现代化建设中，改革、发展、稳定是一个有机整体，其中，发展是目的，改革是动力，稳定是前提。
27．邓小平提出的“三步走”发展战略中，第三步战略目标是，到21世纪中叶，国民生产总值再翻两番，达到( )
A.温饱水平 B.中等发达国家水平 C.发达国家水平 D.小康水平
【答案】B
【考情点拨】本题考查了邓小平提出的“三步走”发展战略。
【应试指导】邓小平提出的“三步走”发展战略的第三步战略目标是，到21世纪中叶，人均国民生产总值达到中等发达国家水平，人民生活比较富裕，基本实现现代化。
28.我国社会主义初级阶段的个人收入分配制度是( )
A．按劳分配为主体，多种分配方式并存
B．按劳分配为主体，按需分配为辅
C．按生产要素分配为主体，多种分配方式并存
D．按生产要素分配为主体，按劳分配为辅
【答案】A
【考情点拨】本题考查了我国社会主义初级阶段的个人收入分配制度。
【应试指导】以按劳分配为主
29.党的十八大提出，要适应国内外经济形势新变化，加快形成新的经济发展方式，把推动发展的立足点转变为( )
A．提高质量和效益
B．扩大经济规模
C．提高发展速度
D．加大投资力度
【答案】A
【考情点拨】本题考查了中共十八大的内容。
【应试指导】党的十八大报告指出，我们要适应国内外经济形势新变化，加快形成新的经济发展方式，把推动发展的立足点转到提高质量和效益土来，着力激发各类市场主体发展新活力，着力增强创新驱动发展新动力，着力构建现代产业发展新体系，着力培育开放型经济发展新优势，不断增强长期发展后劲。
30．建设社会主义政治文明的核心是( )
A．发展社会主义民主
B．健全社会主义法制
C．坚持民主集中制
D．完善人民代表大会制度
【答案】A
【考情点拨】本题考查了社会主义政治文明建设．
【应试指导】社会主义政治文明建设包含着丰富的内容，其核心和精髓是人民民主，发扬人民民主，是社会主义政治文明建设的主要内客，也是推动社会主义政治文明不断发展的根本动力．
31.在社会主义市场经济条件下，仍然要提倡集体主义，反对( )
A．个人利益
B．极端个人主义和利己主义
C．等价交换原则
D．物质利益
【答案】B
【考情点拨】本题考查了社会主义市场经济．
【应试指导】在社会主义市场经济条件下，仍然要提倡集体主艾，反对极端个人主义和利己主义，这是因为全心全意为人民服务是我党的宗旨旨，是共产党人的根本价值取向．
32.共产主义道德的核心是( )
A.抛弃一切个人利益
B.人人为我，我为人人
C.集体主义思想
D.主观为自己，客观为他人
【答案】C
33.遵义会议上，中央在实际上确立了谁的核心领导地位( )
A.毛泽东 B.王稼祥 C.周恩来 D.张闻天
【答案】A
34.中国共产党在中国革命中战胜敌人的三大法宝是( )
A.武装斗争，统一战线，土地革命
B.武装斗争，统一战线，党的建设
C.土地革命，党的建设，武装斗争
D.根据地建设，工人运动，党的建设
【答案】B
35.中国共产党同顽固派斗争的策略原则是( )
A.有理有利有节
D.独立自主
C.武装对抗
D.一切经过统一战线
【答案】A
36.我国为改善农业生产条件，增加农业投入的重要途径有( )
A.保证粮食稳定增长，搞活多种经营，不断增加农民收入
B.引导农民增加劳动投入和资金积累
C.中央和地方保证必要的农业投入
D.改革农产品流通体制，建立产销直接挂钩的新机制
【答案】C
37.社会革命和改革的最深刻根源在于( )
A. 生产力和生产关系之间的矛盾 B. 人口众多和资源贫乏之间的矛盾
C. 广大群众和少数统治者之间的矛盾 D. 剥削阶级和被剥削阶级之间的矛盾
【答案】C
38. 我国人民民主专政的主要基础是( )
A. 工农联盟 B. 工、农和小资产阶级联盟
C. 工、农和民族资产阶级联盟 D. 工、农、小资产阶级和民族资产阶级联盟
【答案】A
39. 在社会主义核心价值体系中，民族精神的核心是( )
A. 集体主义 B. 爱国主义 C. 国际主义 D. 为人民服务
【答案】B
40. 马克思主义中国化就是( )
A. 根据马克思恩格斯的设想建设中国
B. 根据中国的实际需要改造马克思主义
C. 把马克思主义理论同中国传统文化相结合
D. 把马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合
【答案】D
二、辨析题：41～42小题，每小题10分，共20分。首先判断正确或错误。然后说明理由。
41．只要充分发挥人的主观能动性，什么人间奇迹都能创造出来。
41．错误．
(1)要正确发挥人的主观能动性，必须正确处理主主观能动性和客观规律的关系．强调和发挥人的主观能动性要以承认并遵循客观规律为前题．发挥人的主观能动性．就是充分发挥人在认识世界和改造世界巾的主体作用．而物质世界存在其内在的规律性．人的行为如果违背它，必然受习规律的惩罚，导致无效或失败的结果，所以，按照客麓规律办事是正确发挥人的主观能动性的基本要求。
(2)强调客观规律，并不是否定主观能动性，恰恰是承认人的主观能动性。只强调人的主观能动性，不讲尊重客观规律，就会夸大精神的作用，导致实践中的唯心主义。题中的“只要充分发挥人的主观能动性，什么人间奇迹都能伪造出来”的观点显然并没有以承认和遵循客观规律为前提，而是过分地夸大了人的主观能动性．正确的做法应该是将发挥人的主观能动性和尊重客观规律性结合起来，只有如此，才能达到改造世界的目的。
42．我国解决民族问题的基本政策是民族团结、民族平等和各民族共同繁荣。
42．正确。
(1)我国的民族政策是民族平等、民族团结和各民族共同繁荣，它是党和政府根据马克思主义民族理论，结合我国多民族的基本国情和民族问题长期存在的客观实际制定的，是我们正确认识和处理民族问题的重要行为准则，是我国政策体系的重要组成部分。
(2)民族平等是民族团结、民族共同繁荣的前提和基础，没有民族平等，就不会实现民族团结；民族团结则是民族平等的必然结果；各民族共同繁荣，是解决民族问题的根本出发点和归宿，是促进各民族真正平等的保
三、简答题: 43～45小题，每小题10分，共30分。
43.简述矛盾、矛盾的同一性和斗争性的含义。
答案要点:
(1)矛盾是指事物内部两方面之间既对立又统一的关系，简言之，矛盾就是对立统一。（2分)
(2)矛盾的同一-性是指矛盾双方相互联系的性质。（2分)它包括两方面的含义:第一，矛盾双方相互依存，互为存在的前提，并共处于一个统一体中。（2分)
第二，矛盾双方相互贯通，表现为矛盾双方相互渗透，在一定条件 下各向自己的对立面转化的趋势。（2分)
(3)矛盾的斗争性是指矛盾双方相互排斥、相互对立的性质。（2分)
44.简述党在过渡时期总路线的内容和特点。
答案要点:
(1) 党在过渡时期总路线的内容是:
从中华人民共和国成立，到社会主义改造基本完成，这是一个过渡时期。（1分）党在这个过渡时期的总路线和总任务,是要在一个相当长的时期内,逐步实现国家的社会主义工业化，逐步实现国家对农业、手工业和资本主义工商业的社会主义改造。（4分)
(2)党在过渡时期总路线的特点是:
第一,社会主义建设和社会主义改造同时并举。（1分)
把发展生产力和变革生产关系结合起来，以社会主义工业化为主体，以对农业、手工业和资本主义工商业的社会主义改造为两翼,“主体”和“两翼”是有机统一的整体，二者相互促进。（4分)
简述加强社会主义法治建设的基本要求及其内在关系。
答案要点:
（1)加强社会主义法治建设的基本要求时:有法可依、有法必依、执法必严、违法必究。（4分)
(2)以上四个方面相互联系、相互制约:
第一，有法可依是前提，就是要建立统一、完备、科学的法律体系和制度，及时对各种社会关系进行规范。(2分)
第二，有法必依是核心，就是要保证法律效力的普遍性和有效性。(2分)
第三，执法必严是关键，就是要确保严格公正的执法和司法。(1分)
第四，违法必究是保障，就是对一切违法犯罪行为都要给予惩处。(1分)
45．简述构建社会主义和谐社会的实践意义。
(1)构建社会主义和谐社会，有利于我们抓住和用好重要战略机遇期、实现富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化宏伟目标。
(2)构建社会主义和谐社会，有利于我们准确把握复杂多变的国际形势、有力应对来自国际环境的各种挑战和风险。
(3)构建社会主义和谐社会，有利于巩固党执政的社会基础、实现党执政的历史任务。
四、论述题：46小题，20分。
46.中国共产党十八届三中全会强调，全面深化改革必须加强和改善党的领导。为什么说必须加强和改善党的领导？怎样加强和改善党的领导？
答案要点：
（1）只有加强和改善党的领导，才能成为坚强的领导核心；
第一，从国际看，当今世界正在发生广泛而深刻的变化，为适应国际环境的变化，必须加强和改善党的领导。（4分）
第二，从国内看，当今中国正在为建成富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家，实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦而奋斗。这对我们党提出了新的要求。如果党的领导方式、工作方式和具体制度不加以改进和完善，就难以适应新的要求（4分）
第三，从党的自身建设看，党的实际状况同所肩负的领导社会主义现代化建设的使命还有许多不适应的地方，需要通过加强和改善党的领导加以解决。（3分）
（2）加强和改善党的领导，应着力解决一下问题：
第一，必须正确处理党的领导和依法治国的关系（3分）第二，必须改革、完善党和国家的领导制度（3分）第三，必须进一步解决提高党的领导水平和执政水平、提高拒腐防变和抵御风险的能力这两大历史性问题。（3分） （其他答案言之成理且观点正确，可酌情给分）
2021年成人高考专升本高等数学 模拟题
一、选择题：每小题4分，共40分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求。
参考答案：D
参考答案：A
3 [单选题] 函数f(x)=x3-12x+1的单调减区间为( )
A.(-∞,+∞)
B.(-∞,-2)
C.(-2,2)
参考答案：C
参考答案：A
5 [单选题]设函数y=2x+sinx,则y/=
A.1-cosx
B.1+cosx
C.2-cosx
D.2+cosx
参考答案：D
6 [单选题]设函数y=(2+x）3，则y/=
A. （2+x）2
B. B.3(2+x)2
C. C.(2+x)4
D. D.3(2+x)4
参考答案：B
参考答案：C
参考答案：A
9 [单选题]
A. ex
B. B.ex-1
C. C.ex-1
D. D.ex+1
参考答案：A
10 [单选题]
参考答案：B
二、填空题：本大题共10小题。每小题4分，共40分，将答案填在题中横线上。
15 [填空题] 设y=x2+e2，则dy=________
16 [填空题] 设y=(2+x)100，则Y’=_________.
17 [填空题]过坐标原点且与直线（x-1）/3=(y+1)/2+(z-3)/-2垂直的平面方程为_________.
18 [填空题]微分方程y/=3x2的通解为y=_________.
参考答案：x3+C
19 [填空题] 过原点(0，0，0)且垂直于向量(1，1，1)的平面方程为________．
参考答案：y2cosx
三、解答题：本大翘共8个小题，共70分。解答应写出推理，演算步骤。
22 [简答题]
23 [简答题]
求函数f(x)一x3—3x的极大值．
=4-2In3.
28 [简答题]
2021年成人高考专升本英语 模拟题
一、PhoneticsIn each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letters or letter combinations marked A, B, C and D. Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation. Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. (5 points) 
2. （ ）
3. （ ）
【答案】 A
二、Vocabulary and StructureThere are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. (15 points) 1. Jonathan and Joe left the house to go for ____after supper.（ ） A． walk B． the walk C． walks D． a walk 【解析】 句意：晚饭后，乔纳森和乔离开了房子去散步。go for a walk是固定用法，意为“出去走走，去散步”，与take a walk同义。 2. He pointed at the new car and asked, "____is it? Have you ever seen it before?"（ ） A． Why B． Where C． Who D． Whose 【解析】 句意：他指着那辆新轿车问道：“那辆车是谁的？你以前见过吗？”疑问代词whose用来询问物品的所有者，意为“谁的（东西）”。why为什么；where哪里；who谁。 3. My father asked ____to help with his work.（ ） A． I and Tom B． Tom and me C． me and Tom D． Tom and I 【解析】 句意：我的父亲叫我和汤姆帮他干活。单数人称并列时，顺序为“第二人称，第三人称，第一人称”；复数人称并列时，顺序为“第一人称，第二人称，第三人称”。此处为单数人称并列作宾语，故选Tomu and me。 4. Nowadays little knowledge ____to be a dangerous thing.（ ） A． seem B． seemed C． does seem D． do seem 【解析】 句意：如今，知识匮乏似乎的确是一件危险的事。由句首的nowadays可以判断，该句的时态为一般现在时，故排除B项。little knowledge表示的是否定意义，是不可数名词，故谓语动词要用单数，故排除A项和D项。does在这里是助动词，表示强调。 5. If their marketing team succeeds, they ____their profits by 20 percent.（ ）搭 A． will increase B． would be increasing C． will have increased D． would have been increasing 【解析】 句意：如果他们的营销团队取得成功，那么他们的利润将增加20%。if引导的条件状语从句可以分为两类：真实条件句和虚拟条件句。当假设情况发生的可能性很大时，就是真实条件句；当假设不大可能实现时，就是虚拟条件句。根据句意，本句所表述的是客观情况，所以为真实条件句。从句中使用的时态为一般现在时，故主句应使用将来时，故选A。 6. You'd better take these documents with you____ you need them for the meeting.（ ） A． unless B． in case C． until D． so that 【解析】 句意：你最好带上这些文件，以防会议中你会用到。in case可引导目的状语从句，意为“以防，以备”，so that也可引导目的状语从句，意为“以便，为了”，所以in case符合题意。unless除非；until直到。 7. I haven't been to a pop festival before and Mike hasn't____.（ ） A． too B． as well C． neither D． either 【解析】 句意：我以前没有去过流行音乐节，迈克也没有去过。too和also表示“也”时用于肯定句和疑问句；neither用作副词时意为“两者都不”，放在句首，表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一个人或物，句子须采用部分倒装；either作副词时也可表示“也”，用于否定句，一般位于句末。 8. ____is known to the world, Mark Twain was a great American writer.（ ）A． As B． Once C． That D． It 【解析】 句意：众所周知，马克·吐温是一位伟大的美国作家。as在该句中引导非限定性定语从句，在从句中作主语。} 分数:1 题型:单选题 9. John complained to the bookseller that there were several pages____ in the dictionary.（ ） A． lacking B． losing C． missing D． dropping 【解析】 句意：约翰向书店老板投诉，说字典中缺少了好几页。missing意为“缺失的”，符合题意。lacking缺乏的；losing失败的；dropping掉落的。 10. Not until the game had begun____ at the sports ground.（ ） A． should he have arrived B． would he have arrived C． did he arrive D． had he arrived 【考点】 考查not until引导的时间状语从句；【解析】 句意：直到比赛开始他才到达运动场。not until引导时间状语从句时主句要部分倒装。从句中的时态为过去完成时，故主句中的时态应为一般过去时，故选C。 11. Moviegoers know that many special effects are created by computers.____ they often don't know is that these scenes still require a lot of work.（ ）A． That B． Whom C． What D． How 【解析】 句意：常看电影的人知道许多特效都是通过电脑制作出来的。但他们往往不知道的是制作这些场景还需要投入大量的工作。分析句子结构可知，空格所在从句在整个句子中充当主语，从句中缺少宾语，且宾语指的是事而非人，故选C。 12. The president is to give a formal____ at the opening ceremony.（ ） A． speech B． debate C． discussion D． argument 【解析】 句意：总统将在开幕式上做正式讲话。give a speech为固定搭配，意为“发表讲话，做演讲”。debate辩论，争论；discussion讨论；argument论点，争论。 13. When I am confronted with such questions, my mind goes ____, and I can hardly remember my own date of birth.（ ） A． faint B． blank C． dark D． blind 【解析】 句意：当我遇到这些问题时，我头脑一片空白，我甚至记不起自己的生日。one's mind goes blank是固定表达，意为“头脑一片空白”。faint模糊的；dark黑暗的；blind盲目的。 14. If they are willing to lend us the money we need, all our problems will be____.（ ） A． solved B． caused C． covered D． met 【解析】 句意：如果他们愿意借给我们那笔我们需要的钱的话，我们的一切问题都将迎刃而解。solve problems为固定表达，意为“解决问题”。caused引起；covered覆盖；met遇到。 15. This article ____more attention to the problem of cultural conflicts.（ ）， A． cares for B． allows for C． applies for D． calls for 【解析】 句意：这篇文章呼吁人们多关注文化冲突的问题。calls for意为“呼吁，提倡”，符合题意。cares for关心，照顾；allows for考虑到；applies for申请，请求。For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. (30 points) 1 Where do cars get their energy from? For most cars, the answer is petrol. 21 some cars use electricity. These cars have 22 motors that get their power from large batteries. In 23 ,there are even cars that have 24 an electric motor and a petrol motor. These types of cars are 25 hybrid（混合）cars. Most people tend to think of electric cars as a new26,but they have been around for a long time. In the 27 19th and early 20th centuries electric cars were common because the technology for petrol engines was not very advanced．But 28 the petrol engine became easier to make and more powerful, this type of engines became the most 29 . Interest in electric cars was high in the 1970s and 1980s because 30 became very expensive. Recently, electric cars have again become well-liked because people want cars that pollute 31 . Electric cars are better than petrol cars 32 several ways. The biggest benefit is reduced pollution. In areas 33 there is a high percentage of electric cars, pollution is not that serious. The second benefit of electric cars is a 34 in the dependence on foreign oil. Several countries don't want to 35 on oil from other countries. Since electric cars can run on electricity from coal or nuclear power stations, there is less need to import oil. 21.____. A. But B. Nor C. Or D. And single 【解析】 此处意为：对大部分车来说，答案是汽油，但是有些车使用电。前后两句为转折关系，but表示转折关系，符合题意。 22.____. A. traditional B. common C. same D. special single 【解析】 traditional传统的；common普通的；same同样的；special特殊的，特别的。此处表示“特殊的马达”，故选D。 23.____. A. summary B. detail C. time D. addition single 【解析】 此处意为：此外，甚至有电动马达和汽油马达两者兼具的汽车。in addition意为“此外，另外”，符合题意。 24.____. A. all B. both C. either D. neither single 【解析】 all表示“三者或三者以上都”；both表示“两者都”；either表示“两者中的其中一个”；neither表示“两者都不”。根据题意，此处应选both。 25.____. A. described B. regarded C. called D. known single 【解析】 此处意为：这种车被称为混合车。describe描述；regard认为；call叫，称呼；know知道。 26.____. A. invention B. influence C. instrument D. intention single 【解析】 invention发明；influence影响；instrument工具，手段；intention意图，目的。此处表示“大多数人认为电车是一种新的发明”，故选A。 27.____. A. last B. beginning C. recent D. late single 【解析】 此处表示“在19世纪晚期和20世纪初期”，in the late 19th century意为“19世纪晚期”，符合题意。 28.____. A. unless B. after C. before D. until single 【解析】 此处意为：但是当汽油引擎变得容易制造并且动力更强之后，这种引擎成为了最受欢迎的一种。after意为“在……之后”，符合题意。 29.____. A. popular B. comfortable C. difficult D. dangerous single 【解析】 popular流行的，受欢迎的；comfortable舒服的；difficult困难的；dangerous危险的。根据题意，应选A。 30.____. A. motors B. power C. cars D. oil single 【解析】 人们对电动汽车越来越感兴趣的原因应该是油价越来越贵。oil意为“汽油”，符合题意。 31.____. A. much B. more C. less D. few single 【解析】 此处表示“人们想要污染较小的车”，less意为“较少的，较小的”，符合题意。 32.____. A. by B. in C. at D. on single 【解析】 此处意为：电动汽车在几个方面比燃油汽车更好。in意为“在……方面”，符合题意。 33.____. A. when B. where C. what D. which single 【解析】 where引导定语从句，修饰先行词areas，且在从句中作状语，符合题意。 34.____. A. start B. need C. reduction D. rise single 【解析】 此处意为：电车的第二个好处是可以减少对外国石油的依赖。start开始；need需要；reduction减少，下降；rise提高。根据题意，应选C。 35.____. A. put B. hold C. rely D. keep single 【解析】 此处意为：有些国家不想依赖来自其他国家的石油。rely on意为“依靠，依赖”，符合题意。There are five reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by four questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. (60 points) 1. There are one. Reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by four questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Passage One Debate is a valuable way to practise communicating. It can also bring long-lasting rewards, especially for people working with Western businesses. The main activity of debate is presenting one's opinion and supporting it with evidence, such as statistics or facts. It is a way of persuasive communication. Charles Lebeau helped create the "Discover Debate" method. He says debate is important to understanding how people communicate in Western business. Successful debaters learn how to give their opinion, reasons and support. "What we are trying to do is to develop a kind of thinking or approach to discussion and how to interact（交流）with someone else's opinion, rather than brush their opinion aside." Debate skills are also important in selling a product, he says. In that situation, the judges are the customers. "So on Monday, for example, one company may come in and present their to the customer and they'll make as strong a case as they can. On Tuesday, the next day, another company will come in and present their case to the customer. Usually the party that can present the strongest case wins." Debate also strengthens critical thinking. In other words, it helps students learn to ask questions and try to understand someone's reasons and evidence. Mr. Lebeau points out that successful debaters learn to listen carefully to what other people are saying. Then, they look for the weak points in someone else's opinion or argument. He says debate teaches a systematic way of questioning. Successful debaters also learn to think from someone else's point of view. Mr. Lebeau says debate can help broaden the mind. "There's an expression in English: don't criticize another person before you have walked in their shoes. I think the wonderful thing about debate is, it puts us in another person's shoes." 1.According to Paragraph 1, what is the purpose of debate?（ ） A．To bring long-lasting material rewards. B. To present evidence such as statistics and facts. C. To respond to questions in a systematic way. D. To persuade people to accept your opinions. single 【解析】 由第一段最后一句“It is a way of persuasive communication.”可知，辩论是一种说服性的沟通方式，所以辩论的目的是为了说服别人接受自己的观点，故选D。 2.Why is debate important?（ ） A．It helps people understand others better. B. It allows people to present their opinions. C. It develops one's thinking and communicative competence. D. It gives one the opportunity to brush others' opinion aside. single 【解析】由第二段最后一句可知，Charles Lebeau等人创造“Discover Debate”method的用意是开发一种思维方式或与别人交流的方法，所以，辩论之所以重要是因为它可以提升一个人的思维能力和交流能力，故选C。 3.What does the underlined word "case" in Paragraph 3 refer to?（ ） A．Container. B. Evidence. C. Problem. D. Product. single 【解析】 第三段第一句指出“辩论对于销售产品来说也十分重要”，所以接下来举的例子应与推销产品相关，由此可推测，case一词指的是某种具体产品，即“箱子”，故选A。 4.What can debaters benefit from "walking in another person's shoes"?（ ）A．Becoming more broad-minded. B. Developing critical thinking. C. Finding others' weak points. D. Trying out others' methods. single 【解析】 根据文章最后一段的内容可知，“walking in another person's shoes”指站在他人的角度思考问题，而Lebeau认为辩论有利于拓宽人的胸襟，所以站在他人的角度思考问题可以变得心胸开阔，容纳不同的意见，故选A2. There are two. Reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by four questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Passage Two Generations of Americans have been brought up to believe that a good breakfast is essential to one's life. Eating breakfast at the start of the day, we have been told, and told again, is as necessary as putting gasoline in the family car before starting a trip. But for many people, the thought of food as the first thing in the morning is never a pleasure. So despite all the efforts, they still take no breakfast.Between 1977 and 1983, the latest year for which figures could be obtained,the number of people who didn't have breakfast increased by 33% —from 8. 8 million to 11.7 million—according to the Chicago-based Market Research Corporation of America. For those who dislike eating breakfast, however, there is some good news.Several studies in the last few years have shown that, for adults especially, there may be nothing wrong with omitting breakfast. "Going without breakfast does not affect work," said Arnold E. Bender, former professor of nutrition at Queen Elizabeth College in London, "" Scientific evidence linking breakfast to better health or better work is surprisingly inadequate（不充分的）, and most of the recent work involves children, not adults. "The literature," says one researcher, Dr. Earnest Polite at the University of Texas, "is poor."
1.Which of these is mentioned in the second paragraph? （ ）
A. The number of the people who skip breakfast has increased.
B. Many people fill their cars with gasoline in the morning.
C. 8.8 million people got involved in a study on eating habits.
D. A company carried out a research in 1983. single
【答案】 A 【解析】 由第二段第一句“Between 1997 and 1983…the number of people who didn't have breakfast increased by 33%…”可知，不吃早饭的人数有所增加，故选A。
2.Which is closest in meaning to the underlined part? （ ）
A. Having breakfast does not improve work, either.
B. Giving people breakfast improves work.
C. Going without breakfast can improve work, too.
D. Having breakfast does improve work. single
【答案】 A
【解析】 由第三段第二句“Going without breakfast does not affect work…‘nor does giving people breakfast improve work.’”可知，不吃早饭不会影响工作，吃早餐也不会提高工作效率，故选A。
3. What does the word "literature" in the last sentence refer to? （ ）
A. Modern American literature. B. Any printed materials.
C. Written works on a subject. D. Stories, poems and plays single
【答案】 C
【解析】 literature所在句的前一句指出，早餐与健康或工作有关的科学证据不充分，而且大部分最近的研究工作是有关儿童的，而不是有关成年人的。由此可推测，literature一词指的是“（某学科的）文献，资料”，故选C。
4. Which of the following statements best summarizes the writer'sconclusion about the function of breakfast? （ ） A. Omitting breakfast helps improve work.
B. Eating breakfast is absolutely necessary.
C. Scientists have produced sufficient evidence in support
of breakfast.
D. There isn't strong evidence to prove that breakfast is a must.
single
【答案】 D
【解析】 作者的观点可从最后一段倒数第二句看出来，由这句话“Scientific evidence linking breakfast…not adults.”可知，还没有足够的证据证明吃早餐对健康和工作有利，也就是说没有足够的证据证明吃早餐是必要的，故选D。
3. Passage Three. Using less energy around the home is easier than you might think, saving your money while creating a healthier, more comfortable living space for you and your family. Changing a few old habits can make an impact on your energy bill, your comfort and the environment. Here are some handy tips to make your house more energy-efficient. Lower the heat If your home has adjustable central heating, lowering the room temperature even slightly can make a difference. You may not feel it, but your wallet will. It is even more advisable to control temperatures at different times of the day. Hang clothes out to dry If the weather allows it, head outside and dry your laundry on a clothesline. The sunlight will help eliminate bacteria and dust. While clothes dryers get the job done faster, they also use up energy. By hanging your clothes out you'll be cutting greenhouse gases by about three kilograms per load. Take advantage of natural light Installing large windows on the northern side of your house can help you make use of sunlight's natural warmth. To stay cool indoors on hot summer days, install blinds（百叶窗）to block the heavy sun. Put your desk near the window, then you don't need a lamp in the daytime. Wrap（裹）your pipes Be sure your hot-water pipes are properly wrapped. In an average home, heating water accounts for more than one-quarter of the energy bill. Why let warmth go to waste before it reaches you? Choose the right size for appliances（家用电器）When the time comes to replace appliances, select those that are both energy-efficient and of the appropriate size for your needs. Don't buy bigger ones just because you can. 1.What benefit may using less energy at home bring about?（ ） A. Enlarging your living space. B. Keeping old habits unchanged. C. Having a healthier living environment. D. Improving your work efficiency. single 【解析】 由第一段第一句可知，在家里节省能源不仅可以节约开支，还能创造一个更健康、更舒适的居住空间，故选C。 2. Which of the following is one of the advantages of hanging clothes out to dry?（ ）A. It gets clothes dry much faster than clothes dryers. B. It uses half the energy that clothes dryers do. C. It may help to build a greenhouse.D. It helps remove bacteria in clothes. single 【解析】 由第三段前两句可知，把衣服挂在户外晾干，阳光可以去除细菌和灰尘，故选D。 3. What can be installed on the northern side of your house to make better use of natural light?（ ） A. Shades. B. Windows. C. Blinds. D. Curtains. single 【解析】 由倒数第三段第一句“Installing large windows on the northern side of your house can help you make use of sunlight's natural warmth.”可知，B项符合题意，故选B。 4. Besides energy-efficiency, what else should be considered when replacing appliances?（ ） A. Proper size. B. Good quality. C. Replacing time. D. Reasonable price. single 【解析】 由最后一段第一句可知，更换家电时，要选择节能的，同时要选择大小合适的。A项符合题意，故选A。4. There are four. Reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by four questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage Four Ideas about polite behaviour differ from one culture to another. Some societies, such as America and Australia, for example, are mobile and very open. People here change jobs and move house quite often. As a result, theyhave a lot of relationships that often last only a short time, and they need to get to know people quickly. So it's normal to have friendly conversations with people that they have just met, and you can talk about things that other cultures would regard as personal.On the other hand, there are more crowded and less mobile societies where long-term relationships are more important. A Malaysian or Mexican business person, for example, will want to get to know you very well before he or she feels happy to start business. But when you do get to know each other, the relationship becomes much deeper than it would in a mobile society.To Americans, both Europeans and Asians seem cool and formal at first. On the other hand, as a passenger from a less mobile society puts it, it's no fun spending several hours next to a stranger who wants to tell you all about his or her life and asks you all sorts of questions that you don' t want to answer.Cross-cultural differences aren't just a problem for travelers, but also for people in daily life. Some societies have "universalist" cultures. These societies strongly respect rules, and they treat every person and situation in basically the same way. "Particularist"（强调特性的）societies also have rules, but they are less important than the society's unwritten ideas about what is right or wrong for a particular situation or a particular person. So the normalrules are changed to fit the needs of the situation or the importance of the person.1.What can be learned from Paragraph 1? （ ） A. People from a mobile society dislike talking about personalB. Short-term relationships are common in a mobile society.C. Americans tend to make more friends than people from otherD. It is difficult for Americans and Australians to communicate with【解析】 由第一段第三、四句“People here change jobs…they have a lot of relationships that often last only a short time…”可知，在流动性的社会，人们之间短期关系的存在是很普遍的，故选B。 2. Who do Malaysians prefer to start business with according to theA. Those who talk a lot about themselves. B. Those who they know well enough. C. Those who enjoy talking with strangers. D. Those who want to do business with them. single【解析】 由第二段第二句“A Malaysian or Mexican business person...he or she feels happy to start business.”可知，马来西亚商人在与他人做生意之前想先对对方有所了解，也就是说，他更愿意与他熟悉的人做生意，故选B。 3. Which of the following is true about the rules in"particularist" societies? （ ） A. They change to fit different situations. B. People respect and obey them completely. D. No one obeys them. single【解析】 由第四段最后两句“‘Particularist’…the normal rules are changed to fit the needs of the situation or the importance of the person.”可知，强调特性的社会也有规矩，但这些规矩可以改变以适应环境的需要或适应人物重要性的需要，故选A。 4. What is the main idea of this passage? （ ）
A. Polite behaviour varies with different cultures.
B. Less mobile societies have fewer rules.
C. People from mobile societies are more polite.
D. Cultural differences are important. single
【答案】 A
【解析】 文章第一句就点明了主旨，即对礼貌行为的观点随着文化的不同而有所不同，接下来以实例证明了这种说法，所以本题应选A。
5. Passage Five. At first glance, there hardly seems to be any comparison between Ravenna and
Ravenna and Rome, but back in the 5th century, it was Ravenna that served as capital of
the Western Roman Empire. In this city, Roman rulers built monuments which are famous,
then and now, for their sweeping mosaics（镶嵌图案）. Seven of Ravenna's eight buildings
from the 5th and 6th centuries are spectacularly decorated with examples of this ancient art.
“In the past, many people couldn't read or write,” says tour guide and Ravenna native Silvia
Giogoli. “Mosaics were a way to explain the religion and the political situation to the people.”
Visitors to Ravenna can look at pieces of art by ancient artists, listen to musicians, and learn to
make their own masterpieces.Travel Tips When to Go: June—October; weather is
pleasant in April and May but historic sites can get crowded with school groups. Where
to Stay: Walk through historic district sites from Albergo Cappello and stay at a modern Hotel
Centrale Byron. How to Get Around: Take the train from Bologna, and then walk, bike, or
use taxis within the city. Where to Eat or Drink: Housed in a former movie theater,
two-story Ristorante Cinema Alexander blends 1940s Hollywood flavor with homemade Emilia
Romagna courses and attentive service (helpful in translating the menu). For fresh seafood,
try Osteria L' Accigua and Da Buco. What to Buy: Watch the next generation of Emilia
Romagna mosaic artists create contemporary and traditional pieces in local studios where
modern artists use the same methods as their Byzantine forefathers. What to Read
Before You Go: Ravenna in Late Antiquity, by Deborah Mauskopf Deliyannis （2010）, provides
a wide-ranging look at the city's art, architecture, and history.
1.In ancient times, mosaics were used to____.（ ）
A. explain religion and politics
B. display artistic achievements
C. teach reading and writing
D. compete with Roman paintings single
【解析】 由第一段最后一句可知，镶嵌图案在过去是一种解释宗教与政治情况的方式。故选A。 2. Lots of schoolchildren visit historic sites such as Ravenna in____.（ ） A. September B. May C. October D. June single 【解析】 根据“When to Go”这一条建议可知，四、五月份的天气宜人，但那时的历史遗迹可能因学生团体而拥挤。故选B。 2. If you want to try fresh seafood, you should go to____.（ ） A. Ristorante Cinema Alexander B. Emilia Romagna C. Osteria L' Accigua and Da Buco D. Hotel Centrale Byron single 【解析】 根据“Where to Eat and Drink”这一条建议中的第二句可知，在Osteria L'Accigua and Da Buco可以吃到海鲜。故选C。 3. Why is Ravenna in Late Antiquity recommended in this passage?（ ） A. Because tourists can get valuable tips for buying art pieces. B. Because it was written by a famous writer. C. Because it provides useful information about the city's weather. D. Because tourists get to learn a lot about the city from it. single 【解析】 由最后一段可知，Ravenna in Late Antiquity为读者提供了该城市的艺术、建筑与历史的很多看点。由此可见，之所以推荐，是因为游客可以从Ravenna in Late Antiquity中了解到很多有关Ravenna的知识。Pick out appropriate expressions from the eight choices below and complete the following dialogue by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. (15 points) Mary: We couldn't ask for a better day, could we? John: I know.56. I love this time of the year. Mary: This bus seems to be running late, doesn't it? 57? John: I've been here for at least ten minutes. Mary: Ah, here comes a bus! John: Oh good. Wait! 58. That bus goes downtown. Mary: Well, it looks like we'll be waiting a little longer. 59,I guess. John: Oh, I'm afraid you have no time for that. Here's our bus. Mary: Oh great! I thought it would never come. 1._______________________ 2._______________________ 3._______________________ 4._______________________ 5._______________________ 六、WritingFor this part, you are supposed to write an essay in English in 100-120 words based on the following information. Remember to write it clearly. (25 points) 1. 你(Li Yuan)是班长，准备周末组织全班同学参观历史博物馆(the Museum of History)。 请根据以下提示写一个通知： ·周六上午8点全班在校门口集合，乘公共汽车前往；
·参观时，要认真听讲并记录重要内容；
·遵守参观规定，如：馆内不得喧哗、拍照，勿带食品饮料入馆；
·下周五之前交一份参观报告。
【答案】 略
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